Gastro-Esophageal Reflux Disease

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a chronic digestive disorder that affects the lower esophageal sphincter (LES), the ring of muscle between the stomach and the esophagus. GERD occurs when the LES relaxes too often or for too long, allowing stomach contents to flow back, or reflux, into the esophagus. This acid reflux can irritate the lining of the esophagus, causing a burning sensation known as heartburn. Common symptoms of GERD include heartburn, regurgitation, chest pain, difficulty swallowing, and a sour taste in the mouth. GERD can also cause other complications such as esophagitis, Barrett’s esophagus, and an increased risk of esophageal cancer. Risk factors for GERD include obesity, smoking, pregnancy, certain medications, and a hiatal hernia. Treatment of GERD may include lifestyle changes, medications, or surgery. Lifestyle changes such as avoiding certain foods and drinks, eating smaller meals, and not eating close to bedtime can help reduce symptoms. Medications such as antacids, H2 blockers, and proton pump inhibitors can also provide relief. In some cases, surgery may be necessary if medications and lifestyle changes do not provide adequate relief. GERD is a serious condition that can cause long-term complications if left untreated. It is important to talk to your doctor if you are experiencing symptoms of GERD to determine the best course of treatment.