Colon

The colon is an organ located in the digestive system, just below the small intestine. It helps move waste matter out of the body. The colon absorbs water and salt from the waste material and stores it until it is eliminated. The stored waste is then eliminated as solid waste or stool through the rectum and anus. The colon also plays a role in the absorption of certain vitamins and minerals, and helps to regulate the body's acid-base balance. The colon consists of four sections: the ascending colon, the transverse colon, the descending colon, and the sigmoid colon. The ascending colon carries waste material up the right side of the abdomen and towards the transverse colon. The transverse colon carries waste material across the abdomen and towards the descending colon. The descending colon carries waste material down the left side of the abdomen and towards the sigmoid colon. The sigmoid colon carries waste material to the rectum and anus. The walls of the colon contain numerous glands, which secrete mucus and other fluids that help lubricate the walls and keep the contents of the colon moving. The colon also contains a variety of bacteria, which help to break down the waste material and aid in digestion.