Colorectal Carcinoma

Colorectal carcinoma is a type of cancer that develops in the colon or rectum, the final parts of the large intestine. It is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer in men and women in the United States and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths. The exact cause of colorectal carcinoma is unknown, however, it is linked to a variety of factors, including age, genetics, lifestyle, and environmental factors. Age is the most significant risk factor for colorectal carcinoma. It is most commonly diagnosed in individuals over the age of 50. Individuals with a family history of the disease, such as a parent or sibling, are also at an increased risk. Additionally, those with inflammatory bowel diseases such as Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis are at an increased risk. Poor lifestyle habits, such as a diet low in fiber, high in fat and red meat, and lack of physical activity, can also increase a person’s risk. Finally, exposure to certain environmental toxins such as asbestos and radiation has also been linked to an increased risk of colorectal carcinoma. Early detection is key for successful treatment of colorectal carcinoma. Screening tests can detect precancerous polyps in the colon or rectum, which can be surgically removed and prevent cancer from developing. Additionally, regular colonoscopies can detect colorectal carcinoma in its early stages, when treatment is most successful. Treatment options for colorectal carcinoma include chemotherapy, radiation, and surgery.